The Balearic Islands, A Natural Habitat for Dolphins
- By
Hélène Huret
The Balearic Islands, A Natural Habitat for Dolphins
Mar 4, 2025
by
Hélène Huret
The Balearic Islands, A Natural Habitat for Dolphins
Mar 4, 2025
by
Hélène Huret
The Balearic Islands, A Natural Habitat for Dolphins
- By
Hélène Huret
The Balearic Islands, A Natural Habitat for Dolphins
- By
Hélène Huret
sustainability
The Balearic Islands, A Natural Habitat for Dolphins
- By
Hélène Huret
Photo courtesy Tursiops
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here are encounters that change your life. At the age of 15, Txema Brotons was lucky enough to swim with a dolphin. “In winter,” recalls the scientific director of the NGO Tursiops, “a dolphin came into the Port del Toro  and some friends and I wanted to swim with it.  They had wetsuits and tanks. I was in a bathing suit, freezing to death. My friends dived in and the dolphin disappeared. They warned me that the dolphin was between two pontoons. I got out on a boat and went towards the dolphin. I was scared but the dolphin and I swam together and at one point I even touched it. My friends saw us, dived in, the dolphin got scared and left. The magic was broken.”

Everyone dreams of swimming with a dolphin, big or small. But is it a good idea?  “I would not advise it today, but back then we knew less things. Since the coronavirus, we've understood that humans are not immune to viruses from the animal world. But dolphins can carry viruses and bacteria that can affect humans, and humans can transmit viruses to animals. And let's not forget that dolphins are wild animals weighing 350 kg, and if they want to, they can bite you or submerge you underwater. They're very friendly, but if there's a female in heat or a mother with her calf, their behaviour can change,” says Brotons.

In the 1990s, when Brotons had finished his studies as a biologist, it was clear that he would work on dolphins in Mallorca. At that time, there was only limited data available. “The first study to categorise cetaceans in the Balearic Sea was published in 1996 by Brotons,” explains Marga Cerda. In 1998, Brotons founded the Tursiops NGO, which took off in 2013, with the arrival of Marga, who has a degree in marine science. “From 2013 onwards, we began researching in earnest,”  explains Cerda. Both Txema Brotons and Marga Cerda emphasise that “knowledge is the key to protection. You have to know in order to protect them.”

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hree species of dolphin can be seen in the Mediterranean: the striped dolphin and the common dolphin, which live far from the coast and are highly mobile, and the bottlenose, the best-known species thanks to the series ‘Flipper’, which lives at depths of less than 200 metres. It is estimated that there are around 500 bottlenose dolphins in the Balearic Sea. Tursiops has identified 426. Each dolphin is unique and has its own characteristics. “When we're sailing,” recalls Brotons, “and we see dolphins, we photograph their dorsal fin; the shape, the patterns and the notches on it allow us to distinguish each individual. This is how we have created a catalogue of 426 dolphins. We can also identify them by their whistle, because each dolphin has its own whistle. We immerse hydrophones, microphones that record underwater, and we identify and record the whistles.”

Dolphins are not visual animals like humans. “They communicate with each other at a distance of 5 or 10 km and they call each other, they have names,” explains Cerda. “A dolphin transmits five times more information than a human in one second,” adds Brotons. Their acoustic abilities are incredible, but they are disrupted by the noise of boats. “When a dolphin is in an area where there are a lot of boats or when a boat passes overhead, it loses its ability to find out about the environment or to communicate with another dolphin,” says Brotons. “We carried out a study in the Els Freus area, between Ibiza and Formentera, where there are the most boats in summer. On a theoretical level, we found that the dolphins' ability to communicate decreased by 70%,” adds Cerda. Dolphins move away from the coast in summer. Perhaps they don't want to stay with the boats or they follow the fish that are looking for cooler waters.

"When we're sailing and we see dolphins, we photograph their dorsal fin; the shape, the patterns and the notches on it allow us to distinguish each individual. This is how we have created a catalogue of 426 dolphins."
Photo courtesy Tursiops
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