Aug 14, 2024
Casa Planas: Capturing and Processing Mass Tourism
- By
Hélène Huret
Casa Planas: Capturing and Processing Mass Tourism
Aug 14, 2024
by
Hélène Huret
Casa Planas: Capturing and Processing Mass Tourism
Aug 14, 2024
by
Hélène Huret
Casa Planas: Capturing and Processing Mass Tourism
Aug 14, 2024
- By
Hélène Huret
Casa Planas: Capturing and Processing Mass Tourism
Aug 14, 2024
- By
Hélène Huret
sustainability
Casa Planas: Capturing and Processing Mass Tourism
Aug 14, 2024
- By
Hélène Huret
Opening photo ©Planas Archive
I

n 2015, Marina Planas found herself at the head of Casa Planas and its impressive archives. More than 2.5 million images, 18,000 postcards and a vast collection of press articles make it the largest archive on mass tourism.

The story begins with her grandfather Josep Planas i Montoya. A keen photographer, the young man landed on Mallorca in the 1950s, just as the island was opening up to tourism and modernising at breakneck speed. After the Civil War and the Second World War, Franco's Spain was in the doldrums. Mallorca was a poor, semi-rural territory when mass tourism, which began with the widespread introduction of paid holidays around 1952, turned the island's fortunes upside down. Mallorca, chosen by the Spanish government to become a tourist destination, something ‘morally questionable but financially acceptable’, experienced an unprecedented economic boom that some compared to that of the Arabic gulf countries when they discovered oil wells. Hotels, swimming pools, restaurants, souvenir shops, roads, an airport and marinas are being built with no urban planning and no concern for protecting the coastline. The concreting of the coast became known as ‘baléarisation’.

Josep Planas i Montoya produced all the classic images that featured on postcards – brand new hotels with exotic names, turquoise pools, dreamy beaches and coves, wooden boats, girls in bikinis, payesas or local couples in folk costumes. In these images, the sky is always blue, the women wear bikinis, and the sea and pool are never far away: Sol y Playa or the dream holiday for thousands of northern Europeans.

A forerunner, Josep Planas introduced colour and bought a helicopter, the first on the island, before the fire brigade, giving himself exclusive access to aerial views of the island. The company's photographers were everywhere: immortalising celebrities, birthdays, inaugurations, creating images for tourist promotion campaigns, reporting on behalf of hoteliers - in fact, at the time, every hotel provided its guests with postcards of the rooms, the lobby, the swimming pool, etc.

“Photography and tourism always go hand in hand” explains Marina Planas. Travellers, painters and the first photographers in the 19th century pointed out things to see. “George Sand went to Valldemossa and said that you had to visit Valldemossa, and Archiduke Louis Salvador told us what the typical plants of Mallorca were,” she explains. Postcards generated stereotypes: they reduced a territory to a few specific features so that it could be recognised and identified by everyone. “The postcard”, continues Marina, “has now been replaced by mobile phones and Instagram, but it's all the same. Tourists come to see that it all exists and they take the same photos. At the end of the day, nothing is authentic any more; we travel in search of these stereotypes”.

“In the 50s and 60s, until the first oil crisis, says Marina, tourism was seen as something positive, and only positive. There's something ingenuous and innocent about these postcards”. During their archi-tours, Casa Planas opens up their archives to the public, allowing people to be touched by these historic images. If you look closely at the photos of Platja de Palma, Magaluf or Cala Ratjada taken in the 1950s or 60s, with just one or two hotels, you can see a kind of lost paradise that will never be known again.

“In the 50s and 60s, until the first oil crisis, says Marina, tourism was seen as something positive, and only positive. There's something ingenuous and innocent about these postcards”.
Can Pastilla, Cala Estancia ©Planas Archive
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